Information in the context of information theory does not include 'meaning,' but it focuses on how rare, surprising, predictable or complex a message is.
Ryuji Suzuki
Although whale song is nothing like human language, I wouldn't be surprised if some marine mammals have the ability to communicate in a complex way. Given that the underwater environment is very different from our world, it is not surprising that they would communicate in rather a different way from land mammals.
environment ability human language world song complex land
For example, a text consists of paragraphs; a paragraph consists of sentences, a sentence consists of clauses, etc. They are at different levels of hierarchy, or layers.
hierarchy text
information complex message theory
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